Synaptic transmission is a process in the nervous system where information is passed from one neuron to another across a synapse. This communication involves the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron, which then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, leading to the generation of electrical signals. This transmission can be excitatory, promoting the firing of the postsynaptic neuron, or inhibitory, dampening its activity. Studying synaptic transmission is crucial for understanding how the brain processes and transmits information, as well as for investigating the underlying mechanisms of various neurological disorders and diseases.